Emergency Substitutions

These substitutions can help when you realize you are missing an ingredient...

ingredients	substitutions
4 Tbsp cocoa	3-4 Tbsp cocoa plus 1 tsp shortening
4 Tbsp cocoa	1 square chocolate and omit 1/2 Tbsp fat
1 Tbsp cornstarch	2 Tbsp flour
1 whole egg	2 egg yolks, plus 1 Tbsp water (in cookies) or 2 egg yolks (in custard mixtures
1 cup fresh sweet milk	1/2 cup evaporated milk plus 1 cup water or 1/2 cup powdered milk plus 1 cup water
mirin	sweet sherry
sake	dry sherry or dry white wine
daikon	raw turnip
shirataki noodles	vermicelli (fine spaghetti
1 cup honey	3/4 cup sugar plus 1/4 cup liquid
1 cup canned tomatoes	about 1 cup cut up fresh tomatoes, simmered for 10 minutes
1 cake of yeast	2 tsp dry yeast
1 cup dark corn syrup	1/2 cup light corn syrup plus 1/2 cup molasses
graham crackers (crushed)	vanilla cookies or digestive biscuits (crushed
sultanas	large raisins
1 cup buttermilk	1 cup milk plus 1 tsp of vinegar or lemon